Table 2. Effect of reaction parameters on the synthesis of C2+ alcohols by CO2 hydrogenation a .
Entry | Ru/Co [μmol] | pCO2 [MPa] | pH2 [MPa] | STY [C mmol L–1 h–1] |
C2+OH Sel. [%] | ||||
Methanol | Ethanol | Propanol | Isobutanol | Total | |||||
1 | 20/40 | 3 | 6 | 7.5 | 18.8 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 26.6 | 71.8 |
2 | 30/30 | 3 | 6 | 7.3 | 22.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 30.4 | 76.0 |
3 | 40/20 | 3 | 6 | 3.1 | 29.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 33.7 | 90.8 |
4 | 45/15 | 3 | 6 | 9.5 | 23.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 34.0 | 72.1 |
5 | 20/10 | 3 | 6 | 9.9 | 17.9 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 28.4 | 65.1 |
6 | 60/30 | 3 | 6 | 2.9 | 30.5 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 34.9 | 91.7 |
7 | 40/20 | 1 | 2 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 0 |
8 | 40/20 | 2 | 4 | 1.6 | 12.8 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 15.6 | 89.7 |
9 | 40/20 | 2.25 | 6.75 | 13.2 | 25.9 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 40.2 | 67.2 |
10 | 40/20 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 3.4 | 17.8 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 22.6 | 85.0 |
11 | 40/20 | 6 | 3 | 1.7 | 6.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 8.3 | 79.5 |
aReaction conditions: Ru3(CO)12 and Co4(CO)12 were used as catalyst precursors and their dosage was based on the metal, 4 mmol LiBr, 0.15 mmol PPNCl, 2 mL DMI, 200 °C, 12 h. Sel.: selectivity.