Table 1.
Summary characteristics of the observational studies.
| N = 202 | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Study type | ||
| Cohort | 198 | 98,0 |
| Case-control | 1 | 0.5 |
| Cross-sectional | 3 | 1.5 |
| Primary outcome | ||
| Mortality | 184 | 91,0 |
| Survival | 26 | 13,0 |
| PROMS | 0 | 0,0 |
| Cost | 4 | 2,0 |
| Hospital admission | 35 | 17,0 |
| Length of stay | 31 | 15,0 |
| Secondary outcome | 40 | 20,0 |
| Mortality | 16 | 8,0 |
| Survival | 10 | 5,0 |
| PROMS | 0 | 0,0 |
| Cost | 0 | 0,0 |
| Hospital admission | 13 | 6,0 |
| Length of stay | 7 | 3,0 |
| Intervention | 70 | 35,0 |
| Comparator | 46 | 23,0 |
| Stratification | 169 | 84,0 |
| Controlling confounder | 193 | 96,0 |
| Patient baseline characteristics | ||
| Age | 201 | 99,0 |
| Sex | 200 | 99,0 |
| Socio-economic | 66 | 33,0 |
| Life style factors | 91 | 45,0 |
| Comorbidities | 198 | 98,0 |
| Baseline health status | 197 | 98,0 |
| Median | IQR | |
| Sample size | 5152 | 2471,32,890 |
| Study period (month)⁎ | 55 | 33.0, 72.0 |
⁎53 studies had missing data for study period.