Table 1.
Background of the participants
| Items | No or mean±SD |
% (range) |
| Demographic characteristics | ||
| Age | 42.8±11.7 | (18–64) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 228 | 67.7 |
| Female | 109 | 32.3 |
| Marital status | ||
| Unmarried | 110 | 32.6 |
| Married | 203 | 60.2 |
| Divorced/widowed | 24 | 7.1 |
| Household membership | ||
| Live alone | 76 | 22.8 |
| Spouse | 48 | 14.4 |
| Spouse and children | 129 | 38.6 |
| Parents | 50 | 15.0 |
| Others | 31 | 9.3 |
| Educational status | ||
| Junior high school/high school | 78 | 23.1 |
| Vocational college/Junior college |
53 | 15.7 |
| College or university/graduate school |
206 | 61.1 |
| Employment status | ||
| Full-time worker | 301 | 89.9 |
| Part-time worker | 27 | 8.1 |
| Others | 7 | 2.1 |
| Economic status | ||
| Sufficient | 106 | 31.5 |
| Slightly sufficient | 175 | 51.9 |
| Slightly insufficient | 51 | 15.1 |
| Insufficient | 5 | 1.5 |
| Depression (CES-D) | ||
| Score | 12.8±7.6 | (0–45) |
| Depression (CES-D ≥16; cut-off point) |
99 | 29.5 |
| Dependent variable | ||
| Cognitive stress appraisal (PSS) | 25.8±6.2 | (6–48) |
| Disease currently under treatment | ||
| No | 252 | 75.0 |
| Yes | 84 | 25.0 |
| High blood pressure | 25 | 7.4 |
| Gout | 11 | 3.3 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 8 | 2.4 |
| Respiratory disease | 8 | 2.4 |
| Diabetes | 7 | 2.1 |
| Digestive disease | 7 | 2.1 |
| Mental disease | 7 | 2.1 |
| Others | 26 | 7.7 |
| Body mass index (BMI) | ||
| Mean | 22.0±3.1 | (14.5–34.6) |
| Thin (BMI <18.5) | 32 | 9.8 |
| Standard(18.5≤BMI<25) | 243 | 74.8 |
| Obesity (25≤BMI) | 50 | 15.4 |
| Self-rated health | ||
| Very poor | 7 | 2.2 |
| Rather poor | 47 | 14.6 |
| Rather good | 216 | 66.9 |
| Very good | 53 | 16.4 |
| Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) | ||
| Physical complaint | 19.3±5.1 | (11–36) |
| Physical demands (job content: JCQ) | ||
| Physical exertion | 4.9±1.8 | (3–11) |
| Isometric load | 3.2±1.3 | (2–8) |
| Life style | ||
| No smoking | 255 | 75.7 |
| Non or sometimes drinking alcohol | 256 | 76.0 |
| Breakfast everyday | 241 | 71.5 |
| More than once a week physical activity | 75 | 22.3 |
| No eating after dinner over 3 days per week | 246 | 73.0 |
| No skipping breakfast over 3 days per week | 248 | 73.6 |
| Get enough sleep and rest | 190 | 56.5 |
| Perceived health competence (PHCS) | 23.4±6.5 | (8–40) |
| eHealth literacy (eHEALS) | 22.0±7.5 | (3–40) |
| Environmental factors | ||
| Organisational climate | ||
| Tradition | 8.0±1.6 | (6–12) |
| Organisational environment | 8.6±1.8 | (6–12) |
| Social support | 5.4±1.2 | (2–7) |
CES-D, Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; eHEALS, eHealth Literacy Scale; JCQ, Job Content Questionnaire; PHCS, Perceived Health Competence Scale; PSS, Perceived Stress Scale.