Table 2. Deviance information criteria for the full (considering G x E interaction) and null (not considering the interaction) models.

Model	Traita	Deviance information criteria (DIC)
		Full model	Null model
Multi-trait	NUpE, NUtE	604.79	1958.81
Single-trait	NUpE	102.42	197.35
Single-trait	NUtE	226.89	1814.98

^aNUpE (N-uptake efficiency, kg ha^-1 of N absorbed/kg ha^-1 of N supply); NUtE (N-utilization efficiency, kg ha^-1 of grain/kg ha^-1 of N in the plant at maturity).