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. 2018 Jun 27;4(6):eaat0497. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aat0497

Table 2. Origin and insertion of muscles.

Origin and insertion are based on gross human anatomy as described by Martini et al. (2), hence ignoring potential individual differences between participants.

Muscle Origin 1 Origin 2 Origin 3 Insertion 1 Insertion 2
TA Tibia Os cuneiforme mediale Ossa metatarsi
GM Femur Calcaneus
SOL Fibula Tibia Calcaneus
RF Os coxae* Os ilium* Tibia
BF Femur Os ischii* Fibula Tibia
VL Femur Tibia
AL Os pubis* Femur
EO Costae†‡ Linea alba Os ilium*
PMA Clavicula Costae†‡ Sternum†‡ Humerus
SMA Clavicula Sternum†‡ Os temporale†§
LO Ligamentum sacrospinale* Vertebra Costae†‡ Vertebra
LD Costae†‡ Fascia thoracolumbalis Vertebra Humerus
TZ Ligamentum nuchae Os occipitale†§ Vertebra Clavicula Scapula
D Clavicula Scapula Humerus
BB Scapula Radius
TRB Humerus Scapula Ulna
ED Humerus Ossa digitorum
FDS Humerus Radius Ulna Ossa digitorum

*Part of the pelvis.

†Connective structure on the midline of the body connecting bilateral muscles.

‡Part of the skeleton thoracis.

§Part of the ossa cranii.