(A) mRNA expression of Ccl5, Cxcl6, Cxcl1, and Cxcl10 was assessed for whole testis of PND28 Fisher rats that were exposed to MEHP or control for 3, 6, and 12 hours. Expression by rats treated with MEHP is presented as fold increase compared to expression by rats from untreated animals. Data are means ± S.E.M. for n≥3. Statistical analysis was performed by comparing each group of cells with those of control rats for each time point using the unpaired t-test and corrected for multiple comparisons using the Holm-Sidak method. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. (B) Protein expression of CXCL1 in whole testis tissue of rats exposed to MEHP or control for 3, 6, and 18 hrs as measured by ELISA. CXCL1 levels in all control-treated rats was below the detection limit of the assay and are shown as 0. Data are means ± S.E.M. for n≥3.