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. 2018 Jun 21;9:1436. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01436

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Copyright © 2018 Wrensch, Crouchet, Ligat, Zeisel, Keck, Foung, Schuster and Baumert.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Role of apolipoproteins in hepatitis C virus (HCV) morphogenesis. HCV assembly takes place at the surface of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived membranes in close proximity to lipid droplets (LD). Core protein associates with viral RNA to form the nucleocapsid. The nucleocapsid buds at the ER membrane where E1 and E2 glycoproteins are anchored and afterward associate with nascent LD to acquire ApoE and ApoC. This step is facilitated by the interaction between ApoE and the non-structural (NS) viral protein NS5A as well as by the interaction between ApoE and the glycoproteins E1 and E2. In parallel, ApoB is lipidated by the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) to generate very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) precursors. The nascent HCV particle associates with these precursors by an unknown mechanism to generate mature lipo-viro-particles (LVPs).