Figure 1.

HIV stigma reduction: from conceptual framework to intervention and evaluation. ^!Factors identified by the “2-factor theory” of HIV stigma and in prior research. ^*We have drawn upon SCT (33) to identify strategies that promote behavior change. Thus, activities such as computer-based self-tests, patient interaction skills training, interactive games, and PLHIV presentations are designed to educate, promote learning, and build self-efficacy and skills; key elements of behavior change as conceptualized by SCT (34).