Figure 11.

Same as Figure 10 but for the total diabatic temperature tendency [K d⁻¹] anomaly. This value is the outcome of the multiple thermodynamic processes that include moist (e.g., latent heat and convection), radiation, near-surface turbulence (e.g., sensible heat flux), and frictional dissipation of kinetic energy (e.g., gravity wave drag and surface friction). Note that the moist process plays the most substantial role in determining this diabatic temperature tendency over the tropics.