Table 2.
Main characteristics of the studies on hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence
| Ref. | Journal, year | Country | Study design | Sample size | Previous HCC treatment | Median follow-up (mo) | HCC recurrence rate (%) | Risk factors | Notes |
| Reig et al[7,37,38] | J Hepatol, 2016 and 2017 - Semin Liv Dis, 2017 | Spain | Retrospective | 77 | Ablation, resection, TACE | 11.2 | 27.3 | NA | Updated cohort of the 58 patients reported in J Hepatol 2016 |
| Conti et al[8] | J Hepatol, 2016 | Italy | Retrospective | 59 | Ablation, resection, TACE | 12 | 28.8 | age, liver stiffness | - |
| ANRS - HEPATHER et al[43] | J Hepatol, 2016 | France | Prospective | 189 | NA | 20 | 12.7 | NA | - |
| ANRS - CirVir et al[43] | J Hepatol, 2016 | France | Prospective | 13 | Ablation, resection | 16.5 | 7.7 | NA | - |
| ANRS - CUPILT et al[43] | J Hepatol, 2016 | France | Prospective | 314 | Bridge therapy before LT (Ablation, resection, TACE, chemotherapy) | 7 | 2.2 | NA | - |
| Calleja et al[14] | J Hepatol, 2017 | Spain | Retrospective | 70 | NA | 20 | 30 | NA | - |
| Cabibbo et al[50] | APT, 2017 | Italy | Prospective | 143 | Ablation, resection, TACE | 9 | 21 | previous recurrence, tumour size | - |
| Minami et al[55,56] | J Hepatol 2016 - Abs AASLD 2017 | Japan | Retrospective | 163 | Ablation, resection, TACE, radiotherapy | 14.5 | 54.4 | AFP-L3, DCP, number of previous treatment for HCC, interval between last HCC treatment and DAA start | Abstract of AASLD 2017 |
| Virlogeux et al[46] | Liver Int 2017 | France | Retrospective | 23 | Ablation, resection, TACE | 13 | 47.8 | NA | - |
| Zeng et al[18] | J Hepatol, 2016 | China | Retrospective | 10 | Ablation | 15 | 0 | NA | Letter to Editor |
| Ogawa et al[48] | Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2017 | Japan | Prospective | 152 | Ablation, resection, TACE, radiotherapy | 17 | 16.5 | cirrhosis, time from previous HCC treatment < 1 yr, non-curative HCC treatment (TACE, radiotherapy) | - |
| Cheung et al[15] | J Hepatol 2016 | United Kingdom | Prospective | 29 | NA | 15 | 6.8 | NA | - |
| Torres et al[44] | J Hepatol 2016 | United States | Prospective | 8 | Ablation, resection, proton therapy | 12 | 0 | NA | Letter to Editor |
| Yang et al[41] | J Hepatol 2016 | United States | Prospective | 18 | Bridge therapy before LT: Ablation, TACE | NA | 27.8 | NA | Letter to Editor; untreated patients: 9.5% |
| Bielen et al[29] | J Viral Hepat 2017 | Belgium | Retrospective | 41 | LT, ablation, resection, TACE | 32 | 14.6 | SVR | - |
| Ikeda et al[45] | Dig Dis Sci 2017 | Japan | Retrospective | 177 | Ablation, resection, TACE, radiotherapy | 20.7 | 34.5 | multiple HCC treatment, AFP level, Prothrombin time | - |
| Kolly et al[39] | J Hepatol 2017 | Germany, Belgium, Switzerland | Prospective | 56 | Ablation, resection, TACE | 21 | 42.5 | time from previous HCC treatment | Letter to Editor |
| Nagata et al[30] | J Hepatol 2017 | Japan | Retrospective | 83 | Ablation, resection | 27.6 | 29 | SVR, AFP, WFA-M2BP | - |
| Shimizu et al[52] | Indian J Gastroenterol 2017 | Indian | Retrospective | 23 | RFA, TACE, radiation | NA | 43 | HBcAb positivity, TACE | - |
| Mashiba et al[57] | Plos one 2018 | Japan | Retrospective | 368 | NA | 24 | NA | AFP level, SVR, clinical stage of HCC | - |
AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; DAAs: Direct-acting antiviral agents; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; LR: Liver resection; LRT: Local-regional therapy; LT: Liver transplantation; SVR: Sustained virological response; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; TACE: Trans-catheter arterial chemoembolization; NA: Not available.