Table 2.

Typical progress of straight-channel inertial microfluidics.

Category	Targets	Characteristics	Optimal Performances	Reference
Straight Rectangular Channel	RBCs and WBCs	256 high-aspect parallel channels	•Throughput: 1 million cells/s •Sensitivity: 86% •Specificity: 97%	[23]
	bacteria	40 gradual-expansion single microchannels in a radial array with one inlet and two rings of outlets	•Recovery: >80% •Throughput: 400 million cells/min •Label-free operation	[57]
	Euglena gracilis (E. gracilis)	a straight rectangular microchannel, a gradually expanding region, and five outlets with fluidic resistors	•Throughput: 800 μL/min (~1300 cells/s) •Purity: 96.8%	[58]
Contraction-Expansion-Array (CEA) Channel	malaria parasite	a high-aspect-ratio single-inlet rectangular microchannel patterned with a contraction-expansion array	•Malaria parasite collection yield: 70.9 ± 11.4% •Process 1 mL of lysed blood in 15 min	[7]
	CTCs	a simple microfluidic device with rectangular reservoir array	•Capture efficiency: up to 83% •Processing speed: 8 mL/min of 10× diluted blood •Purity: 28.8 ± 23.6 white blood cells per mL	[66]
	CTCs	a multi-stage multi-orifice flow fractionation (MS-MOFF) device formed by combining three single-stage multi-orifice segments	•Recovery: greater than 98.9% •Flow rate: 126 μL/min	[67]
	cells and particles	an expanded rectangular channel containing asymmetrically located pillars	•Focusing efficiency: 98.33% •Throughput: 13,000 particles/s	[68]
	CTCs (MCF-7, SK-BR-3, and HCC70)	a CEA microchannel with 50-μm-wide and 1200-μm-long contraction regions	•Cancer cell recovery rate: 99.1% •Blood cell rejection ratio: 88.9% •Throughput: 1.1 × 108 cells/min	[69]