Table 3.

The typical progress of curved-channel inertial microfluidics.

Category	Targets	Characteristics	Optimum Performances	Reference
Arcuate Channel	polystyrene beads	a series of “microfluidic drifting” based 3D hydrodynamic focusing devices	•Throughput: ~2163 particles/s •Focusing performance: standard deviation of the particle position was ±0.45 μm •Coefficient of variation (CV): 2.37%	[73]
	polystyrene-latex (PSL) particles	MicroSampler: microfluidic-based aerosol-into-liquid sampling system	•Aerosol flow rate: 0.6 L/min •Gas to liquid concentration ratio of ∼2 × 103	[74]
	satellite cells	a microfluidic device termed ‘‘Labyrinth’’	•Myogenic purity: 75.5 ± 1.59% •Greater tetanic forces: 143.6 ± 16.9 mN	[75]
Sinusoidal Channel	polystyrene particles & H1650	sinusoidal channel with various curvatures	•Accuracy: >80 nm •No discernable damage to cells mass •Sorting rate : ~1 g/h	[78]
	cyanobacteria	an inlet, a filter region, an asymmetric serpentine channel, an isolation region, and three collection outlets	•Recovery efficiency: 96% •The cost of device is very low (~$0.002 per channel) •Harvest cyanobacteria at initial concentrations of 0.1, 0.01, or even 0.001 vol %	[80]
	particles	the channel consists of a 15.2-mm serpentine section with 15 periods	•Found particle centrifugal force played a significant role in particle focusing	[82]
Spiral-Channel	neutrally buoyant particles (or cells)	a 10-loop spiral microchannel	•Throughput: ∼2100 particles/s •Low variability: CV < 20%	[88]
	CTCs (MCF-7)	a two-loop spiral microchannel with two inlets and two outlets with a radius of ~10 mm	•Recovery: ≥85% •White blood cell depletion: 99.99% •7.5 mL of blood is lysed and resuspended into 3.75 mL of PBS	[111]
	fluorescent beads	a 7-loop spiral microchannel with one inlet and up to 3 outlets	•Collection efficiency: 90% •Flow rate: 1.8 mL/min	[97]
	microbeads	an inertial microfluidic helical capillary device	•Throughput: 13,000 beads/s •Efficiency: ∼100% •Flow rate: 200 μL/min	[99]