Table 2.

Mutation strategies.

Strategy	Expression
DE/rand/1	$v_{r,G}={\theta }_{k1,G}+F({\theta }_{k2,G}-{\theta }_{k3,G})$
DE/rand/1-to- best/2	$v_{r,G}={\theta }_{k1,G}+F({\theta }_{best,G}-{\theta }_{k1,G})+F({\theta }_{k2,G}-{\theta }_{k3,G})+F({\theta }_{k4,G}-{\theta }_{k5,G})$
DE/rand/2	$v_{r,G}={\theta }_{k1,G}+F({\theta }_{k2,G}-{\theta }_{k3,G})+F({\theta }_{k4,G}-{\theta }_{k5,G})$
DE/current-to-rand/1	$v_{r,G}={\theta }_{k1,G}+K({\theta }_{k1,G}-v_{r,G})+F({\theta }_{k2,G}-{\theta }_{k3,G})$