Table 2.
Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, antioxidant/oxidant status, and oxidative damage in the mandible (Man) of patients with titanium mandibular fixations and healthy controls.
| Man | Control group | Study group | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Geometric mean | Lower 95% CI of mean | Upper 95% CI of mean | Mean | SD | Geometric mean | Lower 95% CI of mean | Upper 95% CI of mean | |
| CAT nmol H2O2/min/mg protein | 1.435 | 0.349 | 0.973 | 1.312 | 2.747 | 0.605∗ | 0.139 | 0.272 | 0.556 | 1.160 |
| SOD mU/mg protein | 136.500 | 20.240 | 119.400 | 129.375 | 265.875 | 282.000∗ | 44.750 | 175.200 | 266.247 | 548.247 |
| GPx IU/mg protein | 0.024 | 0.003 | 0.022 | 0.022 | 0.046 | 0.027 | 0.006 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.052 |
| UA μg/mg protein | 0.155 | 0.024 | 0.125 | 0.146 | 0.301 | 0.285∗ | 0.040 | 0.234 | 0.271 | 0.556 |
| GSH μg/mg protein | 1.496 | 0.299 | 1.178 | 1.391 | 2.887 | 1.121 | 0.242 | 0.810 | 1.036 | 2.157 |
| TAC μmol/mg protein | 67.420 | 9.123 | 57.140 | 64.209 | 131.629 | 252.700∗ | 35.150 | 204.000 | 240.327 | 493.027 |
| TOS μmol H2O2 Equiv./mg protein | 1.088 | 0.186 | 0.895 | 1.023 | 2.111 | 1.953 | 0.632 | 1.202 | 1.730 | 3.683 |
| OSI % | 1.956 | 0.406 | 1.441 | 1.813 | 3.769 | 1.188 | 0.337 | 1.340 | 1.069 | 2.257 |
| FRAP μg/mg protein | 20.100 | 3.496 | 11.540 | 18.869 | 38.969 | 28.660∗ | 4.034 | 22.820 | 27.240 | 55.900 |
| AGE fluorescence/mg protein | 91.410 | 13.390 | 77.730 | 86.697 | 178.107 | 197.500∗ | 22.010 | 174.400 | 189.752 | 387.252 |
| AOPP μmol/mg protein | 1.911 | 0.242 | 1.743 | 1.826 | 3.737 | 2.607∗ | 0.246 | 2.318 | 2.521 | 5.128 |
| 4-HNE μg/mg protein | 234.900 | 43.450 | 210.700 | 219.605 | 454.505 | 405.000∗ | 42.540 | 377.300 | 390.025 | 795.025 |
| 8-OHdG pg/mg protein | 52.340 | 8.200 | 46.890 | 49.454 | 101.794 | 71.160 | 11.740 | 64.010 | 67.027 | 138.187 |
| Total protein mg/mL | 3094.000 | 288.400 | 2964.000 | 2992.480 | 6086.480 | 1948.000∗ | 210.000 | 1145.000 | 1874.078 | 3822.078 |
4-HNE: 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine; AGE: advanced glycation end products; AOPP: advanced oxidation protein products; CAT: catalase; FRAP: ferric reducing ability of plasma; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GSH: reduced glutathione; Man: mandible; OSI: oxidative stress index; SOD: superoxide dismutase-1; TAC: total antioxidant status; TOS: total oxidant status; UA: uric acid; ∗statistical significance p < 0.05, study group versus control.