Figure 3.

Cars to illustrate the big three contest effects (left panel) and the demonstration of the effects with the multialternative decision by sampling (MDbS) model (the six right panels). The big three context effects document that decision probabilities of Car A and B depend on the presence or absence of Car D, R, F, C, or S in a choice set. The six right panels show that the decision probabilities predicted by the MDbS model: the decision probability for Car A is higher than other cars with presence of Car D (top left), Car R (top middle), Car F (top right), Car C (bottom left), and Car S (bottom middle). When only Cars A and B are in a choice set, the decision probability for Car A is the same as that for Car B (bottom right).