Table 4. A Model-by-Phenomenon Matrix Where Check Marks (✓) Indicate That the Model Offers an Account of the Phenomenon.
| Phenomenon | Model | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCM | MDFT | MLBA | MDbS | |
| Note. Abbreviations of the model names are: CCM for the componential context model, MDFT for decision field theory, MLBA for the multiattribute linear ballistic accumulator model, and MDbS the multialternative decision by sampling. | ||||
| a The CCM needs a different function for one of the attribute dimensions to produce the polarization effect. There is no a priori rule to select this dimension. b MDFT can be extended to explain these context effects (Tsetsos et al., 2010). c The MLBA model can produce the phantom decoy effect with additional parameterization (Trueblood et al., 2014). d The similarity parameter in MDbS needs to be larger to produce the phantom decoy effect. | ||||
| Incidental value | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Attribute distribution | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Loss aversion | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Attraction | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Location of decoy | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Distance to decoy | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Time pressure | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Familiarity | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Correlation with the compromise effect | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Anti-correlation with the similarity effect | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Compromise | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Time pressure | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Familiarity | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Anti-correlation with the similarity effect | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Similarity | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Time pressure | — | — | ✓ | ✓ |
| Alignability | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Attribute balance | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Attribute range | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Attribute spacing | — | — | — | ✓ |
| Background contrast | ✓ | — | — | ✓ |
| Centrality | — | ✓b | — | ✓ |
| Endowment | — | — | — | — |
| Less is more | — | ✓b | — | ✓ |
| Perceptual focus | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Phantom decoy | — | ✓b | ✓c | ✓d |
| Polarization | ✓a | — | — | — |
| Intransitive preference cycles | — | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |