Table 1. Baseline characteristics.
| CHA2DS2-VASc scores | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Category | Total | 0–2 | 3–4 | 5–6 | 7–9 | p-value |
| Patient number | 5130 (100.0) | 1270 (100.0) | 1716 (100.0) | 1436 (100.0) | 708 (100.0) | — | |
| Demographic data | |||||||
| Age in years | Mean (SD) | 71.4 (13.6) | 58.0 (13.2) | 72.0 (11.5) | 78.0 (8.9) | 80.9 (6.7) | < .0001 |
| Age | <65 | 1395 (27.2) | 901 (70.9) | 403 (23.5) | 82 (5.7) | 9 (1.3) | <0.001 |
| 65–74 | 1268 (24.7) | 274 (21.6) | 573 (33.4) | 340 (23.7) | 81 (11.4) | ||
| 75+ | 2467 (48.1) | 95 (7.5) | 740 (43.1) | 1014 (70.6) | 618 (87.3) | ||
| Gender | Male | 2749 (53.6) | 994 (78.3) | 939 (54.7) | 620 (43.2) | 196 (27.7) | <0.001 |
| Follow-up time in years | Mean (SD) | 3.4 (2.0) | 3.7 (1.9) | 3.5 (1.9) | 3.2 (2.0) | 2.8 (2.0) | |
| Cancer observed | 330 (6.4) | 64 (5.0) | 129 (7.5) | 98 (6.8) | 39 (5.5) | ||
| Death, no cancer observed | 1182 (23.0) | 127 (10.0) | 330 (19.2) | 423 (29.5) | 302 (42.7) | ||
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| Hypertension | 3477 (67.8) | 366 (28.8) | 1171 (68.2) | 1258 (87.6) | 682 (96.3) | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes | 2981 (58.1) | 408 (32.1) | 927 (54.0) | 1027 (71.5) | 619 (87.4) | <0.001 | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 2016 (39.3) | 142 (11.2) | 566 (33.0) | 776 (54.0) | 532 (75.1) | <0.001 | |
| Myocardial infarction | 210 (4.1) | 11 (0.9) | 60 (3.5) | 74 (5.2) | 65 (9.2) | <0.001 | |
| Chronic renal failure | 391 (7.6) | 36 (2.8) | 115 (6.7) | 140 (9.7) | 100 (14.1) | <0.001 | |
| Chronic liver disease | 605 (11.8) | 143 (11.3) | 218 (12.7) | 156 (10.9) | 88 (12.4) | 0.364 | |
| Chronic lung disease | 1813 (35.3) | 249 (19.6) | 589 (34.3) | 607 (42.3) | 368 (52.0) | <0.001 | |
| Depression | 305 (5.9) | 41 (3.2) | 80 (4.7) | 105 (7.3) | 79 (11.2) | <0.001 | |
| Congestive heart failure | 1326 (25.8) | 56 (4.4) | 302 (17.6) | 546 (38.0) | 422 (59.6) | <0.001 | |
| Vascular disease | 2162 (42.1) | 150 (11.8) | 606 (35.3) | 848 (59.1) | 558 (78.8) | <0.001 | |
| Stroke/TIA | 1272 (24.8) | 8 (0.6) | 163 (9.5) | 504 (35.1) | 597 (84.3) | <0.001 | |
| Charlson’s comorbidity index | Mean (SD) | 2.0 (1.7) | 0.8 (1.0) | 1.6 (1.3) | 2.6 (1.5) | 3.9 (1.6) | < .0001 |
| Medications | |||||||
| Oral anti-diabetic agents | 1084 (21.1) | 86 (6.8) | 306 (17.8) | 435 (30.3) | 257 (36.3) | <0.001 | |
| Fast-acting insulin | 491 (9.6) | 31 (2.4) | 89 (5.2) | 203 (14.1) | 168 (23.7) | <0.001 | |
| ACE inhibitors | 1642 (32.0) | 159 (12.5) | 523 (30.5) | 590 (41.1) | 370 (52.3) | <0.001 | |
| Angiotensin receptor blockers | 1450 (28.3) | 139 (10.9) | 437 (25.5) | 527 (36.7) | 347 (49.0) | <0.001 | |
| Beta-blockers | 2679 (52.2) | 463 (36.5) | 893 (52.0) | 849 (59.1) | 474 (66.9) | <0.001 | |
| Calcium channel blockers | 3154 (61.5) | 387 (30.5) | 1066 (62.1) | 1108 (77.2) | 593 (83.8) | <0.001 | |
| Diuretics | 2667 (52.0) | 272 (21.4) | 862 (50.2) | 976 (68.0) | 557 (78.7) | <0.001 | |
| Statins | 864 (16.8) | 101 (8.0) | 271 (15.8) | 304 (21.2) | 188 (26.6) | <0.001 | |
| Fibrates | 303 (5.9) | 44 (3.5) | 104 (6.1) | 106 (7.4) | 49 (6.9) | 0.000 | |
| Digitalis glycoside | 1115 (21.7) | 135 (10.6) | 329 (19.2) | 414 (28.8) | 237 (33.5) | <0.001 | |
| Antiarrhythmics class I and III | 942 (18.4) | 147 (11.6) | 284 (16.6) | 318 (22.1) | 193 (27.3) | <0.001 | |