Figure 3.
Varroa mite mortality recorded in each caged-bee group at intervals of 6, 24, and 48 h. Groups were exposed to a CheckMite® 1 dose, CheckMite® ½ dose, Apistan®, Apivar®, Apiguard®, HopGuard® 1 dose, HopGuard® ½ dose, or left untreated (control group). The term ‘remaining’ denotes the percentage of Varroa that survived after 48 h of exposure. Asterisks show ANOVA significance levels for pairwise comparisons between the control and each acaricidal treatment and they are as follows: p < 0.05 * and p < 0.001 ***. Bars denote the mean Varroa mortality (%) ± 1 standard error (SE).