Table 1.
Evaluation of the suitability of fungal vitamin B biosynthetic genes for antifungal development.
| Pathway | Gene * | Essential for Fungal Virulence | FUNGAL CRYSTAL STRUCTURE | Fungal Inhibitors Developed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin B1 thiamine |
THI4
THI5 THI6 THI20 |
No [33] ND † No [27] ND |
Yes [34] Yes [35] Yes [36] Yes [37] |
No No No No |
| Vitamin B2 riboflavin |
RIB1
RIB2 RIB3 RIB4 RIB5 |
Yes [27,33] Yes [9,38] ND ND ND |
No No Yes [39] Yes [40] Yes [41] |
No No No Yes [42] ‡ No |
| Vitamin B5 pantothenate |
ECM31
PAN2 PAN5 PAN6 |
Yes [9] ND ND Yes [27,38] |
No Yes [43] No No |
No No No No |
| Vitamin B6 pyridoxine | SNZ1 | Partially [27,33] | Yes [44] | No |
| Vitamin B7 biotin | BIO2 | No [33,38,45] | No | No |
| Vitamin B9 folate |
ABZ1
ABZ2 FOL1 |
Yes [19,46] ND Essential gene |
No Yes [47] Yes [48] |
No No Yes [49] ‡ |
* Saccharomyces cerevisiae; † ND = not determined; ‡ Only active against recombinant fungal enzyme.