Figure 4. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) does not induce p53 activation in AMCs.
Amnion mesenchymal cells (AMCs) constitutively expressed P-p53 and total p53 regardless of the treatment. Immunofluorescent staining documented nuclear localization of P-p53 after CSE treatment (white arrows). Confocal microscopy images were captured at 63X magnification. Red staining represents α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), green staining represents P-p53, and blue staining represents the DAPI nuclear stain.