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. 2018 Jun 22;9:1433. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01433

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Copyright © 2018 Luo, Olaru, Miner, Beck, van der Vlag, Thurman and Borza.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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B6.Cfb^−/− mice immunized with α3NC1 are protected against albuminuria despite developing subepithelial immune complexes. (A) Time course of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) in B6.Cfb^+/+ mice (circles) and B6.Cfb^−/− mice (squares) immunized with α3NC1 (N = 7 per group). Control B6 mice (triangles), including both genotypes, were immunized with adjuvant alone (N = 7). Shown are means and SEM. (B) Scatterplot depicts the ACR values at the endpoint of this experiment (week 12). The significance of differences among groups was analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s correction for multiple comparisons. ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. n.s., not significant. (C) Morphology of kidneys from α3NC1-immunized B6.Cfb^−/− and B6.Cfb^+/+ mice appears normal by light microscopy (periodic acid–Schiff staining, original magnification 400×). (D) Transmission electron microscopy shows subepithelial electron dense deposits (arrowhead), expansion of the glomerular basement membrane (G), and podocyte (Po) foot process effacement. Original magnification 7,500×.