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. 2018 Jun 22;9:747. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00747

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Copyright © 2018 Hilse, Rupprecht, Egerbacher, Bardakji, Zimmermann, Seiler Wulczyn and Pohl.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Comparison of mitochondria shape and cristae during mESC differentiation to cardiomyocytes and heart development. (A) Representative electron microscopy pictures of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC, left) embryo bodies (EB, middle) and mESC-derived CM at day 19 (d19, right). Detailed images of mitochondria at magnification 30000X are shown. Scale bar – 500 nm. (B) Representative TMRE fluorescence images of mESC and mESC-derived CM at d14. Scale bar - 10 μm. Pictures were taken from 2 to 3 independent differentiation experiments. (C) Quantification of cristae amount per mitochondria. Data are presented as mean values ± SEM, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001. (D) Representative electron microscopy pictures of mitochondria heart tissue (magnification 12000× top, and 30000× bottom) in E18, newborn day 1 (P1), day 7 (P7) and adult day 30 (P30) mice. M, mitochondria; N, nucleus; L, lipid droplets; F, cardiac myofibrils; arrow - LD/Mitochondria contact; ^∗ - glycogen. Embryos (E18) or postnatal (P1-30) heart tissue from at least two different animals were analyzed per group. Scale bar – 500 nm.