Table 3.
DTI measures across study subjects.
| Participants |
Group comparisons (p values) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC | BSP | CD | Overall* | BSP vs HC+ | CD vs HC+ | BSP vs CD+ | ||
| FA values | ||||||||
| Caudate | L | 0.20 ± 0.03 | 0.20 ± 0.03 | 0.18 ± 0.04 | 0.031 | 0.995 | 0.046 | 0.038 |
| R | 0.21 ± 0.03 | 0.21 ± 0.03 | 0.19 ± 0.04 | 0.027 | 0.998 | 0.035 | 0.044 | |
| Putamen | L | 0.22 ± 0.05 | 0.22 ± 0.04 | 0.22 ± 0.06 | 0.919 | – | – | – |
| R | 0.21 ± 0.05 | 0.21 ± 0.04 | 0.20 ± 0.05 | 0.294 | – | – | – | |
| GPe | L | 0.37 ± 0.05 | 0.37 ± 0.06 | 0.35 ± 0.07 | 0.336 | – | – | – |
| R | 0.35 ± 0.07 | 0.33 ± 0.07 | 0.33 ± 0.08 | 0.188 | – | – | – | |
| GPi | L | 0.57 ± 0.06 | 0.57 ± 0.06 | 0.60 ± 0.05 | 0.193 | – | – | – |
| R | 0.45 ± 0.07 | 0.42 ± 0.03 | 0.46 ± 0.06 | 0.010 | 0.047 | 0.821 | 0.026 | |
| STN | L | 0.47 ± 0.06 | 0.53 ± 0.09 | 0.48 ± 0.08 | 0.287 | – | – | – |
| R | 0.49 ± 0.05 | 0.54 ± 0.05 | 0.50 ± 0.07 | 0.040 | 0.039 | 0.675 | 0.336 | |
| SN | L | 0.55 ± 0.09 | 0.54 ± 0.11 | 0.52 ± 0.09 | 0.543 | – | – | – |
| R | 0.53 ± 0.06 | 0.48 ± 0.08 | 0.55 ± 0.10 | 0.185 | – | – | – | |
| RN | L | 0.53 ± 0.09 | 0.43 ± 0.9 | 0.56 ± 0.11 | 0.004 | 0.013 | 0.710 | 0.008 |
| R | 0.49 ± 0.08 | 0.51 ± 0.13 | 0.52 ± 0.09 | 0.344 | – | – | – | |
| MD values | ||||||||
| Caudate | L | 1.14 ± 0.28 | 1.07 ± 0.32 | 1.36 ± 0.47 | 0.031 | 0.509 | 0.089 | 0.024 |
| R | 1.03 ± 0.24 | 1.04 ± 0.23 | 0.18 ± 0.34 | 0.138 | – | – | – | |
| Putamen | L | 0.73 ± 0.06 | 0.73 ± 0.04 | 0.76 ± 0.09 | 0.298 | – | – | – |
| R | 0.72 ± 0.07 | 0.74 ± 0.07 | 0.77 ± 0.11 | 0.132 | – | – | – | |
| GPe | L | 0.73 ± 0.12 | 0.77 ± 0.09 | 0.75 ± 0.11 | 0.551 | – | – | – |
| R | 0.75 ± 0.13 | 0.77 ± 0.10 | 0.78 ± 0.13 | 0.466 | – | – | – | |
| GPi | L | 0.57 ± 0.10 | 0.57 ± 0.09 | 0.56 ± 0.13 | 0.956 | – | – | – |
| R | 0.64 ± 0.16 | 0.64 ± 0.11 | 0.59 ± 0.16 | 0.322 | – | – | – | |
| STN | L | 0.65 ± 0.07 | 0.64 ± 0.14 | 0.66 ± 0.12 | 0.980 | – | – | – |
| R | 0.64 ± 0.08 | 0.69 ± 0.11 | 0.65 ± 0.14 | 0.378 | – | – | – | |
| SN | L | 0.64 ± 0.12 | 0.59 ± 0.14 | 0.68 ± 0.15 | 0.282 | – | – | – |
| R | 0.68 ± 0.13 | 0.63 ± 0.11 | 0.65 ± 0.17 | 0.246 | – | – | – | |
| RN | L | 0.59 ± 0.11 | 0.66 ± 0.09 | 0.57 ± 0.13 | 0.035 | 0.067 | 0.909 | 0.091 |
| R | 0.63 ± 0.10 | 0.67 ± 0.14 | 0.60 ± 0.13 | 0.375 | – | – | – | |
Values shown as mean ± sd except where indicated. *p values calculated using protective overall F-test to identify any differences among the three groups. +p values from pairwise comparisons among the groups when F-test was significant (<0.05) using a Tukey-Kramer adjustment for multiple comparisons. Abbreviations: BSP = blepharospasm; CD = cervical dystonia; FA = fractional anisotropy; GPe/i = globus pallidus externus/internus; HC = healthy control; MD = mean diffusivity; RN = red nucleus; SN = substantia nigra; STN = subthalamic nucleus.