Figure 1. One Environmental Health interconnects human health, wildlife health, and ecosystem health as one.

( A) Schematic showing the interconnectedness of the larger concept of One Health. ( B) Schematic showing the interconnectedness of the specific concept of One Environmental Health, the subset of One Health that focuses on toxic chemicals, as showcased in this review by case studies on alligators and whales. The data from humans, alligators, and whales help inform on potential common hazards and even provide insights into the mechanism of action of those hazards. Conversely, the data from the latter subjects can be extrapolated to understand potential risks to organisms that make up an ecosystem. A loss of fitness of even one organism within an ecosystem will affect both biotic and abiotic components. One Environmental Health’s holistic approach can provide better research strategies to tackling present and future hazards to everyone’s health.