Table 1.
First‐line antiretroviral therapy according to region and sex over three time periods
| Time period | First‐line ART regimen | 2003 to 2005 | 2006 to 2009 | 2010 to 2014 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Setting | Males N (%) | Females N(%) | Males N (%) | Females N(%) | Males N (%) | Females N(%) | |
|
Asia/Pacific Low/low middle‐income settings N = 17,282 |
EFV | 511 (21.6) | 134 (15.2) | 2047 (48.4) | 698 (29.7) | 2699 (60.5) | 1381 (45.7) |
| NVP | 1667 (70.7) | 642 (73.2) | 2024 (47.9) | 1427 (60.8) | 1613 (36.2) | 1463 (48.5) | |
| PI | 42 (1.7) | 17 (1.9) | 84 (2.0) | 42 (1.8) | 79 (1.8) | 73 (2.4) | |
| TDF | 18 (0.8) | 5 (0.6) | 244 (5.8) | 80 (3.4) | 1717 (38.5) | 1046 (34.7) | |
| AZT/3TC | 585 (24.8) | 171 (19.5) | 1559 (36.7) | 616 (26.3) | 1579 (35.4) | 1064 (35.2) | |
| D4T/3TC | 1692 (71.8) | 634 (72.3) | 2321 (55.0) | 1457 (62.1) | 1031 (23.1) | 736 (24.4) | |
| Other NRTI backbone | 35 (1.5) | 61 (6.7) | 62 (1.5) | 183 (7.8) | 77 (1.7) | 127 (4.2) | |
|
Asia/Pacific Upper‐middle/high‐income settings N = 7394 |
EFV | 312 (35.7) | 89 (20.2) | 771 (40.8) | 148 (24.5) | 1366 (67.4) | 148 (47.4) |
| NVP | 268 (30.7) | 264 (60.0) | 851 (45.0) | 385 (63.4) | 267 (13.2) | 104 (33.3) | |
| PI | 274 (31.2) | 73 (16.6) | 227 (12.0) | 63 (10.4) | 337 (16.6) | 53 (17.0) | |
| TDF | 67 (7.7) | 29 (6.6) | 306 (16.2) | 85 (14.1) | 1020 (50.3) | 113 (36.2) | |
| AZT/3TC | 282 (32.3) | 74 (16.8) | 703 (37.2) | 166 (27.4) | 411 (20.3) | 69 (22.1) | |
| D4T/3TC | 374 (42.8) | 290 (65.9) | 705 (37.3) | 332 (54.9) | 174 (8.6) | 87 (27.9) | |
| Other NRTI backbone | 150 (17.2) | 47 (10.7) | 179 (9.5) | 21 (3.5) | 421 (20.8) | 41 (13.1) | |
| Southern Africa N = 478,336 | EFV | 8576 (39.4) | 8524 (28.0) | 50,279 (52.9) | 60,432 (40.2) | 44,772 (68.8) | 60,400 (52.7) |
| NVP | 12,575 (57.8) | 21,040 (69.0) | 42,609 (44.8) | 86,783 (57.7) | 18,657 (28.7) | 52,234 (45.5) | |
| PI | 630 (2.9) | 1000 (3.3) | 2269 (2.4) | 3259 (2.2) | 1542 (2.4) | 2038 (1.8) | |
| TDF | 23 (0.1) | 58 (0.2) | 19,269 (20.3) | 24,574 (16.4) | 28,524 (43.8) | 46,582 (40.6) | |
| AZT/3TC | 7684 (35.3) | 7502 (24.6) | 14,109 (14.9) | 20,732 (13.8) | 4623 (7.1) | 11,442 (10.0) | |
| D4T/3TC | 13,915 (64.0) | 22,779 (74.7) | 60,353 (63.5) | 102,806 (68.4) | 18,328 (28.2) | 30,054 (26.2) | |
| Other NRTI backbone | 148 (0.7) | 177 (0.6) | 1,476 (1.6) | 2403 (1.6) | 13,660 (21.0) | 26,725 (23.3) | |
| East Africa N = 92,054 | EFV | 883 (21.2) | 1105 (13.4) | 4349 (25.3) | 5338 (16.9) | 4440 (44.4) | 7516 (41.5) |
| NVP | 3316 (79.6) | 7115 (86.4) | 12,893 (75.1) | 25,818 (82.0) | 5664 (56.6) | 10,995 (60.7) | |
| PI | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.01) | 571 (1.8) | 0 (0) | 11 (0.06) | |
| TDF | 42 (1.0) | 102 (1.2) | 281 (1.6) | 455 (1.4) | 3745 (37.4) | 6680 (36.9) | |
| AZT/3TC | 404 (9.7) | 620 (7.5) | 5165 (30.1) | 8598 (27.3) | 4304 (43.0) | 7636 (42.2) | |
| D4T/3TC | 3742 (89.8) | 7775 (92.0) | 11,780 (68.6) | 22,550 (71.6) | 1972 (19.7) | 3839 (21.2) | |
| Other NRTI backbone | 11 (0.3) | 15 (0.2) | 29 (0.2) | 65 (0.2) | 42 (0.4) | 68 (0.4) | |
| West Africa N = 52,123 | EFV | 2097 (46.2) | 3285 (42.6) | 4292 (45.1) | 4623 (25.5) | 1740 (45.8) | 2305 (30.3) |
| NVP | 1659 (36.5) | 3403 (44.2) | 4705 (49.4) | 12,444 (68.6) | 1762 (46.4) | 4705 (61.8) | |
| PI | 637 (14.0) | 804 (10.4) | 452 (4.7) | 850 (4.7) | 260 (6.8) | 491 (6.5) | |
| TDF | 56 (1.2) | 82 (1.1) | 1965 (20.6) | 2905 (16.0) | 1091 (28.7) | 1825 (24.0) | |
| AZT/3TC | 1535 (33.8) | 2251 (29.2) | 3930 (41.2) | 7357 (40.6) | 1920 (50.5) | 4124 (54.2) | |
| D4T/3TC | 2790 (61.4) | 5149 (66.8) | 3558 (37.4) | 7707 (42.5) | 659 (17.3) | 1479 (19.4) | |
| Other NRTI backbone | 195 (42.3) | 268 (3.5) | 150 (1.6) | 275 (1.5) | 140 (3.7) | 211 (2.8) | |
| North America, N = 46,023 | EFV | 1959 (37.5) | 543 (30.3) | 3733 (45.8) | 844 (32.0) | 2834 (47.4) | 467 (30.7) |
| NVP | 358 (6.9) | 157 (8.8) | 271 (3.3) | 93 (3.5) | 149 (2.5) | 44 (2.9) | |
| PI | 2728 (52.3) | 982 (54.7) | 3989 (48.9) | 1629 (61.8) | 2492 (41.7) | 846 (55.7) | |
| TDF | 2485 (47.6) | 730 (40.7) | 6401 (78.5) | 1787 (67.8) | 5320 (88.9) | 1216 (80.1) | |
| AZT/3TC | 1,994 (38.2) | 834 (46.5) | 788 (9.7) | 518 (19.7) | 199 (3.3) | 170 (11.2) | |
| D4T/3TC | 400 (7.7) | 145 (8.1) | 79 (1.0) | 30 (1.1) | 16 (0.3) | 4 (0.3) | |
| Other NRTI backbone | 454 (8.7) | 140 (7.8) | 583 (7.2) | 206 (7.8) | 238 (4.0) | 74 (4.9) | |
| Caribbean, Central and South America N = 22,040 | EFV | 1756 (63.7) | 700 (37.9) | 3599 (78.6) | 1158 (36.9) | 3382 (83.8) | 1038 (47.9) |
| NVP | 570 (20.7) | 901 (48.8) | 343 (7.5) | 1569 (50.0) | 128 (3.2) | 759 (35.0) | |
| PI | 361 (13.1) | 135 (7.3) | 597 (13.0) | 366 (11.7) | 489 (12.1) | 356 (16.4) | |
| TDF | 62 (2.3) | 50 (2.7) | 640 (14.0) | 218 (7.0) | 1642 (40.7) | 1003 (46.3) | |
| AZT/3TC | 2261 (82.0) | 1556 (84.2) | 3321 (72.5) | 2441 (77.8) | 1941 (48.1) | 1010 (46.6) | |
| D4T/3TC | 274 (9.9) | 207 (11.2) | 381 (8.3) | 413 (13.2) | 108 (2.7) | 67 (3.1) | |
| Other NRTI backbone | 182 (6.6) | 70 (3.8) | 264 (5.8) | 105 (3.6) | 351 (8.7) | 93 (4.3) | |
% are column percentages (percentages from the total in the given time‐period and gender).
EFV, Efavirenz; NVP, nevirapine; PI, protease inhibitor; TDF, tenofovir; 3TC, lamivudine; AZT, zidovudine; D4T, stavudine.