Table 1.

Babesia, Theileria, and Cytauxzoon parasites included in this study and their classical taxonomy, molecular phylogeny, common designation, diseases, and geographic distribution.

Species	Classic Taxonomy	3 Phylogenetic Clade	Common Designation	Diseases	Geographic Distribution
B. microti	Babesia s.l.	I	B. microti-group	human babesiosis	USA, Europe, Japan,
B. duncani		II	4 western clade	human babesiosis	USA
1 T. bicornis		IIIa	Theileria s.l.	n.d.	Africa
C. felis	Cytauxzoon	IIIb	Cytauxzoon	feline cytauxzoonosis	USA
T. equi	2Theileria s.s.	IV	5 T. equi	6 equine piroplasmosis	tropical and subtropical regions worldwide
T. annulata T. parva T. orientalis	Theileria s.s.	V	true Theileria	tropical theileriosis East Coast Fever oriental theileriosis	tropical and subtropical regions of the old world East Africa Asia
B. bovis B. bigemina B. ovis	Babesia s.s.	VI	true Babesia	7 bovine babesiosis ovine babesiosis	tropical and subtropical regions worldwide

¹ No sequenced genome is available for any species of Clade IIIa but for the sake of completeness T. bicornis has been included in this table; ² T. equi has been described by classical taxonomy as Theileria s.s. [9]; ³ Clades are designated as defined by Schnittger et al. [2]; ⁴ Piroplasmid species that place in this clade have now also been described in other geographic regions besides the US western states Washington and California [48]; ⁵ T. equi segregates with B. bicornis in a single Clade IV; ⁶ The disease referred to as equine piroplasmosis is caused by infection with T. equi and/or B. caballi; ⁷ bovine babesiosis is caused by infection with B. bovis and/or B. bigemina. n.d., no data available.