Table 3.

Fully adjusted linear regressions examining the association between the use of vitamin K antagonists (independent variable) and changes in cognitive scores, as percentages, during follow-up (dependent variables).

	Use Vitamin K Antagonists
	β	[95% CI]	p-Value
Change in MMSE score *
After 12 months of follow-up	−4.38	[−21.08, 12.32]	0.603
After 24 months of follow-up	45.21	[−26.35, 116.78]	0.201
Change in FAB score †
After 12 months of follow-up	14.35	[−53.54, 82.24]	0.659
After 24 months of follow-up	−203.57	[−246.14, −161.00]	0.010

β: coefficient of regression corresponding to changes in cognitive score; CI: confidence interval; FAB: Frontal Assessment Battery; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; *: adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, baseline MMSE score, number of comorbidities, atrial fibrillation, stroke, age-related white matter changes score, carotid artery stenosis, use of psychoactive drugs, use of antidementia drugs, use of antiplatelet medications, and serum concentrations of creatinine and vitamin B12; ^†: adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, baseline FAB score, number of comorbidities, disability, gait speed, atrial fibrillation, stroke, age-related white matter changes score, carotid artery stenosis, use of psychoactive drugs, use of antidementia drugs, use of antiplatelet medications, and serum concentrations of creatinine and vitamin B12; β significance (i.e., p-value < 0.05) indicated in bold.