Table 4.
Categories of household- and individual-level variables considered for selection in predictive models of individuals’ dietary nutrient intakes and intake densities in the FCS-24 (Aim 4).
| Models in Which Each Category Was Considered for Selection | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Variables Comprised by Each Category | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4a | 4b | 4c | 5 | |
| Household and individual demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle characteristics | Household-level variables: Weekday of assessment; province and location (capital, provincial/county center, rural) of household; numbers of men, women, boy, and girl household members; presence of students, herders, pensioners, married men or women, and members of the agricultural, industrial, or service industries in the household; total household income; average daily value of all foods consumed by the household; average daily value of foods eaten outside home; sum and maximum of household members’ years of education; household family composition; average daily energy expenditure of all household members; average daily energy expenditure of all guests and visitors. Individual-level variables: Age, sex, relationship to head of household, marriage status, current pregnancy or lactation, years of education, occupation, industry of employment, any food allergy, self-evaluated physical activity level; overall health, presence of any metabolic disease, and presence of any other serious disease in past 6 months. |
√ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |
| Quantitative total household consumption of food groups and nutrients | Household-level variables: Average daily quantitative household consumption of 12 food groups and 27 nutrients from all sources combined (purchased, produced at home, and received as gifts). | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||
| Individuals’ self-evaluation of nutrition knowledge and its application to their lives | Individual-level variables: “Qualitatively evaluate your bodyweight”; “Do you know of and understand the Mongolian national dietary guidelines?”; “Do you understand the importance of dietary diversity?”, “Do you understand the importance of eating regularly?”; “Do you try to cook with and eat less sugar and sugary foods, less fat and fatty foods, more fresh foods, more fruits, and more vegetables?”, “Do you understand what a healthy and balance diet is?”; “How would you evaluate the quality your diet?”; “Do you understand that nutrition is important for health maintenance, or for your child’s health?”, “How important is your nutrition knowledge to your health?”; “How do you evaluate your nutrition knowledge?”; “Do you pay attention to each of the following: nutrition facts, ingredient labels, health claims, expiration dates”; “Have you attended any nutrition training?”; “Do you take any nutritional supplements?”. | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||
| Cursory qualitative 24-h recall and assessment of eating behaviors | Individual-level variables: Binary (yes or no) consumption of 12 food groups yesterday; “Did you ever out in the past year?”; “Did you skip any meals in the past 2 days?”; “Did you miss any meals with your family yesterday?”; “Did you eat more, less, or the same amount today as yesterday?”; “Did you eat any foods outside home yesterday?”; “Did you miss any meals yesterday (breakfast, lunch dinner)?”; “Did you eat any snacks yesterday?”. | √ | |||||||
| Cursory semiquantitative 24-h recall and assessment of eating behaviors | Individual-level variables: Number of foods eaten yesterday from each of 12 food groups; frequency of snack consumption and eating out in the past year; number of meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner) skipped in last 2 days; “Did you eat more, less, or the same today as yesterday?”; sum of meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner) eaten with family yesterday; total number of food items eaten in each of the following places yesterday: home, outside, someone else’s house, elsewhere; total number of food items eaten yesterday for each meal (breakfast, lunch, dinner) and as snacks. | √ | |||||||
| Detailed semiquantitative 24-h recall | Individual-level variables: Binary (yes or no) consumption of 136 different foods during the past 24 h. | √ | √ | ||||||
| Measured anthropometry | Individual-level variables: Measured height and weight; body-mass index; measured waist, hip, mid-arm, and wrist circumference. | √ | |||||||
Models designated 1–5 correspond to those described in detail in Table 3 and Table 4. Brief description of variable categories considered for selection in each model: (1) Household and individual demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle characteristics; (2) Model 1 variables + quantitative total household consumption of food groups and nutrients; (3) Model 2 variables + individuals’ self-evaluation of nutrition knowledge and its application to their lives; (4a) Model 3 variables + cursory qualitative 24-h recall and assessment of eating behaviors; (4b) Model 3 variables + cursory semiquantitative 24-h recall and assessment of eating behaviors; (4c) Model 3 variables + detailed semiquantitative 24-h recall; (5) Model 4 variables + measured anthropometry. Number of observations analyzed in each model: 1 and 2 (1282); 3 and 4b (1142); 4a (1140); 4c (1129); 5 (1056). Abbreviation: FCS-24 (nested 24-h recall of the 2013 Food Consumption Survey).