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. 2018 May 29;10(6):291. doi: 10.3390/v10060291

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Illustration of the CRISPR/Cas9 system: The Cas9 protein interacts with the single-guide RNA (sgRNA) to direct endonuclease activity proximal to the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence. Custom-designed sgRNAs recognize their target sequence and allow Cas9 endonuclease to cleave the sense strand 3 base pairs (bp) and antisense strand 3 bp upstream of the PAM sequence (NGG). Binding of sgRNAs to the target sites induces Cas9 endonuclease to create a double-strand break (blunt end) on the genomic target.