Table 1.
Description of the total population and selenium consumption per tertile in the ELSA-Brasil study, 2017.
| Total | Selenium Intake * | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Tertile (0–187 mg) |
Second Tertile (188–232 mg) |
Third Tertile (233–1087 mg) |
p Value ** | ||||||
| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Male | 6518 | 45.6 | 2519 | 53.0 | 1979 | 41.6 | 2020 | 42.4 | |
| Female | 7765 | 54.4 | 2242 | 47.0 | 2782 | 58.4 | 2741 | 57.6 | |
| Self-declared race | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Caucasian | 7418 | 52.5 | 2045 | 43.4 | 2540 | 53.9 | 2833 | 60.3 | |
| Black and Mixed | 6204 | 43.9 | 203 | 53.1 | 190 | 42.3 | 111 | 36.4 | |
| Others | 497 | 3.6 | 161 | 3.5 | 179 | 3.8 | 157 | 3.3 | |
| Age | <0.001 | ||||||||
| 35–59 years | 11,271 | 78.9 | 3892 | 80.5 | 3831 | 80.5 | 3548 | 74.5 | |
| ≥60 years | 3012 | 21.1 | 869 | 18.6 | 930 | 19.5 | 1213 | 25.5 | |
| Per capita income | <0.001 | ||||||||
| First tertile (USD 14.85–520.51) | 5175 | 36.1 | 2498 | 52.7 | 1665 | 35.1 | 1012 | 21.3 | |
| Second tertile (USD 529.87–1059.74) | 4992 | 34.9 | 1476 | 31.1 | 1739 | 36.6 | 1707 | 36.0 | |
| Third tertile (USD 1115.32–4238.97) | 4135 | 29.0 | 768 | 16.2 | 1342 | 28.3 | 2025 | 42.7 | |
| Current smoking | <0.001 | ||||||||
| No | 12,446 | 87.1 | 3979 | 83.6 | 4182 | 87.9 | 4285 | 90.0 | |
| Yes | 1836 | 12.9 | 782 | 16.4 | 578 | 12.1 | 476 | 10.0 | |
| Current alcohol use | <0.001 | ||||||||
| No | 4302 | 30.1 | 1675 | 35.2 | 1434 | 30.1 | 1193 | 25.1 | |
| Yes | 9978 | 69.9 | 3085 | 64.8 | 3325 | 69.9 | 3568 | 74.9 | |
| Physical activity during leisure | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Low | 10,796 | 76.7 | 3865 | 82.6 | 3621 | 77.3 | 3310 | 70.3 | |
| Moderate | 1986 | 14.1 | 499 | 10.7 | 683 | 14.6 | 804 | 17.2 | |
| Vigorous | 1287 | 9.2 | 315 | 6.7 | 379 | 8.1 | 593 | 12.5 | |
| Change in diet | <0.001 | ||||||||
| No | 9903 | 69.4 | 3517 | 73.9 | 3247 | 68.3 | 3139 | 66.0 | |
| Yes | 4366 | 30.6 | 1243 | 26.1 | 1507 | 31.7 | 1616 | 34.0 | |
| Use of dietary supplements | <0.001 | ||||||||
| No | 10,887 | 77.3 | 3940 | 84.2 | 3639 | 77.5 | 3308 | 70.5 | |
| Regularly | 1823 | 12.9 | 391 | 8.3 | 579 | 12.3 | 853 | 18.0 | |
| Not regularly | 1381 | 9.8 | 353 | 7.5 | 480 | 10.2 | 548 | 11.5 | |
| Nutritional status | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Low weight | 129 | 0.9 | 57 | 1.2 | 34 | 0.7 | 38 | 0.8 | |
| Eutrophic | 5175 | 36.2 | 1672 | 35.1 | 1662 | 34.9 | 1841 | 38.7 | |
| Overweight | 5740 | 40.2 | 1898 | 39.9 | 1940 | 40.8 | 1902 | 40.0 | |
| Obese | 3234 | 22.7 | 1,32 | 23.8 | 1124 | 23.6 | 978 | 20.5 | |
| Hypertension | <0.001 | ||||||||
| No | 9930 | 69.5 | 3047 | 64.0 | 3120 | 65.5 | 3163 | 66.4 | |
| Yes | 4951 | 34.7 | 1714 | 36.0 | 1640 | 34.5 | 1597 | 33.6 | |
| Diabetes | <0.001 | ||||||||
| No | 11,558 | 80.9 | 3797 | 79.8 | 3886 | 81.6 | 3875 | 81.4 | |
| Yes | 2724 | 19.1 | 963 | 20.2 | 875 | 18.4 | 886 | 18.6 | |
| Dyslipidemia | <0.001 | ||||||||
| No | 6007 | 42.4 | 2225 | 47.0 | 1926 | 40.8 | 1856 | 39.4 | |
| Yes | 8169 | 57.6 | 2510 | 53.0 | 2799 | 59.2 | 2860 | 60.6 | |
| Thyroid function | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Subclinical hypothyroidism | 770 | 5.4 | 276 | 5.8 | 252 | 5.3 | 242 | 5.1 | |
| Clinical hypothyroidism | 1061 | 7.4 | 256 | 5.4 | 383 | 8.0 | 422 | 8.9 | |
| Euthyroid | 12,171 | 85.3 | 4146 | 87.1 | 4022 | 84.5 | 4003 | 84.1 | |
| Subclinical hyperthyroidism | 186 | 1.3 | 57 | 1.2 | 70 | 1.5 | 59 | 1.2 | |
| Clinical hyperthyroidism | 95 | 0.6 | 26 | 0.5 | 34 | 0.7 | 35 | 0.7 | |
* Energy-adjusted nutrient; ** p values of the chi-square test.