Table 6.
Antibiotic resistance-coding genes present in the Escherichia coli isolates from river sediment in different seasons in the Kshipra River in India.
| Sediment Samples | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antibiotic Resistance Genes | Rain | Autumn | Winter | p-Value |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| CTX-M-1 a | 5 (25) | 2 (40) | 7 (41) | 0.6 |
| CTX-M-2 a | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| CTX-M-9 a | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| qnr A b | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| qnr B | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| qnr S b | 0 (0) | 2 (15) | 4 (44) | 0.3 |
| sul I c | 1 (25) | 3 (33) | 2 (33) | 0.9 |
| sul II c | 1 (25) | 3 (33) | 4 (67) | 0.5 |
| NDM d | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| VIM d | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Phylogenic groups | ||||
| A e | 16 (76) | 11 (56) | 15 (63) | 0.5 |
| B1 e | 4 (19) | 2 (11) | 5 (21) | 0.7 |
| B2 e | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0.3 |
| D e | 1 (5) | 4 (21) | 4 (17) | 0.3 |
p-values are extracted from Fisher test; a samples: Autumn n = 5, Rain n = 20 and Winter n = 17; b samples: Autumn n = 13, Rain n = 3 and Winter n = 9; c samples: Autumn n = 9, Rain n = 4 and Winter n = 6; d samples: Autumn n = 6, Rain n = 6 and Winter n = 17; e samples: Autumn n = 19, Rain n = 21 and Winter n = 24.