Table 1.

Questionnaire details were based on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) constructs in the survey among medical students in China in 2015.

Constructs	Questionnaire (1) True (2) False (3) Do not know
Knowledge	1. Antibiotics are effective for viral infections 2. Antibiotics have the same effects as anti-inflammatory drugs 3. If one needs to use antibiotics, it is best to give them by intravenous infusion 4. Once the symptoms are relieved, one should immediately stop using antibiotics 5. We will have few antibiotics to use in the future if we do not use antibiotics properly 6. The more frequently people use antibiotics, the more difficult it will be to treat bacterial infections 7. Antibiotics are effective for treating common cold (cough, runny nose) 8. Antibiotics can speed up recovery from flu 9. Antibiotics can relieve the symptoms of colds 10. Antibiotics are effective for sore throats 11. One needs to take antibiotics for a cold with green mucus 12. Antibiotics are effective for treating the common cold 13. Overseas antibiotics are more effective than domestic ones
Attitude	(1) Yes (2) No (3) Unknown/Uncertain 14. Do you think antibiotic overuse is a serious problem in China? 15. Do you prefer to use antibiotics when you: 15.1. have sore throat? 15.2. have a cough? 15.3. have a runny nose? 15.4. have a common cold? 15.5. have a fever? 15.6. have diarrhoea?
Practice	16.1. What illness/symptoms have you had in the last month? (a) sore throat; (b) cough; (c) runny nose; (d) common cold; (e) fever; (f) diarrhoea; (g) headache; (h) abdominal pain; (i) suspected pneumonia; (j) other/s please write down_____ 16.2. What have you done for an illness you have experienced in the last month? (1) self-medicated (2) seen a doctor (3) nothing 16.3. If you saw a doctor, did you receive antibiotic prescription? 16.3.1. If you received antibiotic prescription, which kind of antibiotic did you receive? (1) Oral (2) intravenous infusion 17. If you self-medicated, did you use antibiotics? (1) yes (2) no (3) do not remember 17.1. If yes, which antibiotic did you use? 18. Are there any left-over antibiotics at your home/dormitory (not for current use)? (1) yes (2) no (3) do not remember 19. Did you ask for an antibiotic if you did not receive one from a clinician during the consultation? (1) yes (2) no (3) do not remember 20. Did you take antibiotics to prevent diseases (such as common cold) in the past year? (1) yes (2) no (3) do not remember