11β-HSD2	11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2
5-LOX	5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)
AchE	acetylcholinesterase
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
Akt	protein kinase B
AMPA	α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid
APP	amyloid precursor protein
APPL2	adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 2
Aβ	amyloid-β
BBB	blood–brain barrier
BCCA	bilateral common carotid artery
BCCL	bilateral common carotid artery ligation
Bcl-2	B cell lymphoma 2 family
BDNF	brain-derived neurotrophic factor
bHLH	basic helix–loop–helix
CaMKII	Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
CD11b	cluster of differentiation molecule 11b
ChAT	choline acetyltransferase
CMS	chronic mild stress
CNS	central nervous system
CNTF	ciliary neurotrophic factor
COX-1/2	cyclooxygenases-1/2
CREB	cAMP response element-binding protein
CXCL3	chemokine (C–X–C motif) ligand 3 (CXCL-3)
Drp-1	dynamin-related protein 1
DWI	diffusion weighted imaging
ERK1/2	extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2
GABA(A)R	GABAA receptor
GABA	gamma-aminobutyric acid
GDNF	glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor
GFAP	glial fibrillary acidic protein
GR	glucocorticoid receptor
GSH-Px	glutathione peroxidase
GSH	glutathione
GSK-3β	glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta
H2O2	hydrogen peroxide
HSP-70	heat shock protein-70
IL-6	interleukin 6
IL-β	interleukin beta
iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
IκB-α	nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor-alpha
JAK2	Janus kinase 2
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
KCC2	K–Cl co-transporter 2
LDH	lactate dehydrogenase
MAP-2	microtubule-associated protein
MAPK	mitogen-actives protein kinases
MCAO	middle cerebral artery occlusion
MCL-1	myeloid cell leukemia-1
MDA	malondialdehyde
MFN2	mitochondrial fission, elevated mitofusin-2
MMP-9	matrix metallopeptidase 9
MPO	myeloperoxidase
MPTP	1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
MRI	magnetic resonance imaging
MRTF-A	myocardin-related transcription factor-A
MyD88	myeloid differentiation primary response 88
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NKCC1	Na–K–Cl cotransporter-1
NLRP3	nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein-3
NMDA	N-methyl-d-aspartic acid
NMDAR1	N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor-1
NO	nitric oxide
NOD2	nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2
NOX	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2′-phosphate oxidase
Nrf2	nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
NSPCs	neural stem/progenitor cells
OGD	oxygen/glucose deprivation
OGD/RO	oxygen/glucose deprivation/reoxygenation
PAR-1	protease-activated receptor-1
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PGE2	prostaglandin E2
PI3K	phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase
POP	prolyl oligopeptidase
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SCI	spinal cord injury
SCs	Schwann cells
SGK1	serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1
siRNA	small interfering RNA
SOD	superoxide dismutase
STAT3	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
TH	tyrosine hydroxylase
TLR4	Toll like receptor-4
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor alpha
TRAF6	tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6
TRkB	tropomyosin receptor kinase B
TTC	2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride
ZO-1	zonula occludens-1.