Table 1.
Characteristics of the healthy control children, patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) inattentive type (ADHD-I), patients with ADHD hyperactivity/impulsivity type (ADHD-H/I).
| Variables | Healthy Control (n = 46) |
ADHD-I (n = 29) |
ADHD-H/I (n = 47) |
Statistic Value | p-Value | Post-hoc Test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | 18.113 | <0.001 | ||||
| Boy | 31 (67.4) | 11 (37.9) | 40 (85.1) | |||
| Girl | 15 (32.6) | 18 (62.1) | 7 (14.9) | |||
| Age (years) | 8.1 ± 1.2 | 8.0 ± 1.0 | 7.7 ± 1.0 | 1.860 | 0.160 | |
| Height (cm) | 129.4 ± 9.8 | 127.7 ± 8.1 | 128.3 ± 8.6 | 0.367 | 0.694 | |
| Weight (kg) | 29.1 ±8.7 | 28.8 ± 8.0 | 29.3 ± 9.6 | 0.031 | 0.969 | |
| WISC-IV | ||||||
| Full Scale Intelligence Quotient | 108.9 ± 13.9 | 98.9 ± 10.4 | 102.7 ± 8.4 | 7.649 | 0.001 | C > I, C > H |
| Verbal Comprehension Index | 108.1 ± 12.0 | 103.3 ± 9.5 | 106.6 ± 10.8 | 1.724 | 0.183 | |
| Perceptual Reasoning Index | 108.2 ± 16.7 | 98.8 ± 14.3 | 102.9 ± 11.1 | 4.149 | 0.018 | C > I |
| Working Memory Index | 107.8 ± 12.8 | 100.8 ± 11.6 | 100.9 ± 8.8 | 5.619 | 0.005 | C > I, C > H |
| Processing Speed Index | 102.9 ± 11.8 | 92.3 ± 8.3 | 96.6 ± 8.4 | 11.037 | <0.001 | C > I, C > H |
| Clinical measures | ||||||
| SNAP-IV parent form (I) | 6.3 ± 5.7 | 15.1 ± 5.6 | 17.5 ± 4.7 | 55.559 | <0.001 | H > C, I > C |
| SNAP-IV parent form (H) | 5.1 ± 5.7 | 10.5 ± 4.8 | 17.5 ± 5.4 | 62.050 | <0.001 | H > I > C |
| SNAP-IV parent form (O) | 5.5 ± 5.3 | 10.3 ± 5.5 | 13.7 ± 6.1 | 24.117 | <0.001 | H > I > C |
| SNAP-IV teacher form (I) | 5.7 ± 5.2 | 12.4 ± 7.0 | 16.1 ± 5.0 | 40.790 | <0.001 | H > I > C |
| SNAP-IV teacher form (H) | 3.8 ± 3.7 | 7.2 ± 5.5 | 15.2 ± 5.7 | 62.738 | <0.001 | H > I > C |
| SNAP-IV teacher form (O) | 2.3 ± 2.6 | 4.8 ± 5.2 | 10.3 ± 5.5 | 37.640 | <0.001 | H > I > C |
Note: Data are expressed as mean ± SD or n (%). WISC-IV, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition; SNAP-IV, the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Version IV Scale; I, inattention scores; H, hyperactivity/impulsivity scores; O, oppositional scores. Statistical values are expressed as F-value or χ2. Acronym in post-hoc test: C, Healthy Control; I, ADHD-I; H, ADHD-H/I.