Table 2.

Summary of primary high-risk clusters’ information of malaria by type at the district level in Pakistan, 2011–2016.

Type of Malaria	Year	Number of Districts in Primary Cluster	Coordinates of Primary Cluster Centroid	Primary Cluster Radius (km)	Primary Cluster Population	Number of Cases in Primary Cluster	Incidence Rate/100,000	RR	p Value
Plasmodium vivax	2011	5	33°00′ N, 70°44′ E	59.53	2,175,181	43,211	1987.9	22.61	<0.0001
	2012	17	33°69′ N, 70°31′ E	142.42	11,009,128	63,356	574.3	11.29	<0.0001
	2013	8	32°65’N, 70°39′ E	49.46	2,725,805	59,438	2182.0	23.45	<0.0001
	2014	25	33°00′ N, 70°44′ E	181.76	18,172,987	113,900	627.2	8.76	<0.0001
	2015	25	33°00′ N, 70°44′ E	181.76	18,705,115	76,566	409.6	7.98	<0.0001
	2016	25	33°00′ N, 70°44′ E	181.76	19,253,991	136,436	707.1	10.96	<0.0001
Plasmodium falciparum	2011	8	30°30′ N, 68°72′ E	118.93	1,293,463	21,447	1659.2	33.96	<0.0001
	2012	19	30°04′ N, 67°82′ E	195.57	5,220,346	18,683	357.1	19.17	<0.0001
	2013	19	30°04′ N, 67°82′ E	195.57	5,412,261	11,211	207.3	10.33	<0.0001
	2014	2	25°40′ N, 63°43′ E	75.41	646,999	4947	765.1	49.20	<0.0001
	2015	1	34°04′ N, 71°20′ E	0	854,777	4978	582.8	44.10	<0.0001
	2016	19	30°04′ N, 67°82′ E	195.57	6,039,018	13,472	222.6	15.31	<0.0001
Mixed Plasmodium	2011	8	29°98′ N, 69°54′ E	153.44	7,719,217	13,752	178.3	22.21	<0.0001
	2012	13	25°98′ N, 69°31′ E	174.87	14,988,376	2474	16.5	33.96	<0.0001
	2013	12	25°34′ N, 69°75′ E	190.84	12,975,991	4289	33.1	7.63	<0.0001
	2014	7	31°22′ N, 68°78′ E	137.22	1,173,936	3008	256.4	72.87	<0.0001
	2015	7	31°22′ N, 68°78′ E	137.22	1,205,587	1658	137.6	40.95	<0.0001
	2016	14	32°29′ N, 69°81′ E	154.61	6,303,983	9941	157.4	17.96	<0.0001
Total positive	2011	13	32°29′ N, 69°81′ E	153.66	5,289,934	76,418	1445.6	9.96	<0.0001
	2012	9	33°00′ N, 70°44′ E	77.62	3,986,266	49,846	1247.9	14.19	<0.0001
	2013	7	32°65′ N, 70°39′ E	49.46	2,725,805	66,089	2426.2	19.85	<0.0001
	2014	15	32°29‘ N, 69°81′ E	158.42	6,447,603	81,991	1272.5	11.67	<0.0001
	2015	25	33°00′ N, 70°44′ E	181.76	18,705,115	88,869	475.4	7.17	<0.0001
	2016	25	33°00′ N, 70°44′ E	181.76	19,253,991	157,613	816.9	9.00	<0.0001

RR: relative risk. Mixed Plasmodium: P. vivax, P. falciparum. Total positive: P. vivax, P. falciparum and mixed Plasmodium.