Table A2.
The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) test instrument in 2012.
| Item | During the Past Week: | Score a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | D | ||
| 1 | I was bothered by things that usually don’t bother me. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 2 | I did not feel like eating; my appetite was poor. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 3 | I felt that I could not shake off the blues even with help from my family or friends. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | I felt I was just as good as other people. | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| 5 | I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 6 | I felt depressed. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 7 | I felt that everything I did was an effort. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 8 | I felt hopeful about the future. | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| 9 | I thought my life had been a failure. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 10 | I felt fearful. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 11 | My sleep was restless. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 12 | I was happy. | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| 13 | I talked less than usual. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 14 | I felt lonely. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 15 | People were unfriendly. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 16 | I enjoyed life. | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| 17 | I had crying spells. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 18 | I felt sad. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 19 | I felt that people disliked me. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 20 | I could not get going. | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Source: Radloff, L.S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1: 385–401. Note: a A means “Rarely or none of the time (less than 1 day)”; B means “Some or a little of the time (1–2 days)”; C means “Occasionally or a moderate amount of time (3–4 days)”; D means “Most or all of the time (5–7 days)” b The score is the sum of the 20 questions. Possible range is 0–60. If more than four questions are missing answers, then the CES-D questionnaire is not scored. A score of 16 points or more is considered depressed.