Table 1.

An ethical matrix for food animal production (taken from Mepham [56]).

Respect for:	Wellbeing	Autonomy	Justice
Treated Organism	e.g., Animal welfare	e.g., Behavioural freedom	Intrinsic value
Producers (e.g., farmers)	Adequate income and working conditions	Freedom to adopt or not adopt	Fair treatment in trade and law
Consumers	Availability of safe food; acceptability	Consumer choice, e.g., labelling	Universal affordability of food
Biota (fauna and flora)	Protection of the biota	Maintenance of biodiversity	Sustainability of biotic populations