Table 3.
Multivariable regression of patient experience of shared decision-making among older adults with serious mental illness.
| Provider ask person to help make decisions between a choice of treatments? | Does health provider present and explain all options? | Does provider ask about prescription medications and treatments other doctors may have given them? | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
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| aORa | 95% CI | aORa | 95% CI | aORa | 95% CI | |
| Psychiatric diagnosis | ||||||
| Schizophrenia spectrum disorders | 1.69 | (0.89, 3.20) | 1.68 | (0.79, 3.61) | 1.13 | (0.61, 2.08) |
| Mood disorder | 1.37*b | (1.00, 1.88) | 1.32 | (0.83, 2.10) | 0.81 | (0.57, 1.15) |
| Age (years) | 1.00 | (0.99, 1.01) | 1.01 | (0.99, 1.01) | 1.00* | (1.00, 1.01) |
| Female | 0.89 | (0.83, 0.95) | 1.01 | (0.91, 1.12) | 1.00 | (0.93, 1.07) |
| Race (ref: White) | ||||||
| Black | 1.29* | (1.16, 1.45) | 0.83 | (0.69, 0.99) | 0.94 | (0.85, 1.04) |
| Other | 1.14 | (0.97, 1.34) | 1.13 | (0.86, 1.48) | 1.35* | (1.16, 1.58) |
| Education (years) | 0.98 | (0.97, 1.00) | 1.00 | (0.98, 1.02) | 0.98 | (0.97, 0.99) |
| Not married | 1.27* | (1.17, 1.39) | 1.22* | (1.07, 1.40) | 1.38* | (1.27, 1.50) |
| Not employed | 1.03 | (0.91, 1.16) | 1.00 | (0.83, 1.20) | 0.92 | (0.82, 1.03) |
| Health insurance (ref: private plan) | ||||||
| Public | ||||||
| Medicare | 1.00 | (0.88, 1.14) | 0.86 | (0.69, 1.10) | 1.07 | (0.94, 1.22) |
| Medicaid | 1.13 | (0.98, 1.30) | 1.22* | (1.00, 1.49) | 0.92 | (0.80, 1.05) |
| Not insured | 1.28* | (1.09, 1.51) | 1.42* | (1.12, 1.80) | 1.03 | (0.87, 1.22) |
| Total income (ref: lowest quartile) | ||||||
| Q2 | 1.00 | (0.87, 1.12) | 0.98 | (0.81, 1.18) | 1.07 | (0.95, 1.21) |
| Q3 | 0.97 | (0.85, 1.11) | 0.95 | (0.77, 1.17) | 0.98 | (0.86, 1.23) |
| Q4 | 0.85 | (0.73, 1.00) | 0.82 | (0.66, 1.02) | 0.86 | (0.74, 0.98) |
| SF-12 Physical Component Score | 0.99 | (0.99, 1.00) | 0.99 | (0.99, 1.00) | 1.01* | (1.01, 1.01) |
| Total outpatient visits | 1.00 | (0.99, 1.01) | 1.01 | (0.99, 1.02) | 0.99 | (0.98, 1.00) |
| Total inpatient stays | 1.05 | (0.99, 1.12) | 0.90 | (0.81, 0.99) | 0.87 | (0.81, 0.93) |
| Current smoker | 1.10 | (0.99, 1.22) | 1.39* | (1.21, 1.60) | 1.11* | (1.00, 1.22) |
| Number of medical conditionsc | 0.98 | (0.96, 0.99) | 1.00 | (0.99, 1.18) | 0.98 | (0.97, 0.99) |
Regression models were adjusted for sociodemographic and health-related covariates including age, gender, race, marital status, geographic location, education, health insurance status (i.e., private, Medicare, Medicaid, or none), current smoker status, income level, number of medical comorbidities, and past 30 days service use (i.e., inpatient stays and outpatient visits). aOR: adjusted odds ratio; SF-12: Short Form-12.
Outcome coding (never, sometimes, or no=1; usually or always=0).
An “*” denotes a p value ≤ 0.05 (statistically significance).
Includes hypertension, coronary heart disease, other heart disease, cancer, arthritis, diabetes, myocardial infarction, emphysema, and serious cognitive impairment.