Table 2.
Cross-sectional and longitudinal adjusted associations between adiposity markers and MS disability (EDSS).
| UNIVARIATE ASSOCIATIONS | MULTIVARIATE ASSOCIATIONS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All subjects | Women | Men | All subjects | Women | Men | |
| Cross-sectional EDSS (N=163) – Odds ratio greater than 1 indicates worse function | ||||||
| Adiposity Markers | ||||||
| Leptin | 1.20 (0.060) | 1.25 (0.072) | 2.08 (0.079) | - | - | - |
| a-FABP | 1.26 (0.004) | 1.27 (0.012) | 1.18 (0.44) | 1.27 (0.003) | 1.30 (0.005) | 1.05 (0.81) |
| Additional markers | ||||||
| 25(OH)VitD | 0.71 (0.012) | 0.69 (0.036) | 0.76 (0.24) | 0.69 (0.007) | 0.64 (0.015) | 0.77 (0.29) |
| Testosterone | 0.99 (0.55) | 1.00 (0.97) | 0.95 (0.008) | 1.00 (0.72) | 1.04 (0.74) | 0.95 (0.009) |
| Longitudinal EDSS (N=163) – a positive value indicates worsening function | ||||||
| Adiposity Markers | ||||||
| Leptin | 0.00029 (0.85) | −0.00016 (0.93) | −0.0052 (0.39) | |||
| a-FABP | 0.0018 (0.16) | 0.0004 (0.78) | 0.0067 (0.025) | 0.0017 (0.19) | 0.0002 (0.91) | 0.0062 (0.035) |
| Additional markers | ||||||
| 25(OH)VitD | −0.00188 (0.36) | 0.0001 (0.96) | −0.011 (0.009) | −0.0019 (0.37) | −0.0006 (0.81) | −0.010 (0.017) |
| Testosterone | −0.00004 (0.72) | 0.0035 (0.17) | 0.00023 (0.41) | −0.00003 (0.80) | 0.0035 (0.18) | 0.0004 (0.11) |
Cross-sectional EDSS analyses: Odds ratio for a ten-unit increase in each of the hormonal markers (p-value). Adjusted for age, disease duration and type.
Longitudinal EDSS analyses: Estimate and p-value of the association between hormonal markers and change in EDSS over time are provided. Adjusted for age, disease duration and type.
25(OH)VitD: 25-hydroxy-vitamin D; a-FABP: adipocyte-fatty acid binding protein. EDSS: Expanded Disability Status Scale.