TABLE 1.

CWD-inoculated and normal control cynomolgus monkeys^b

CMa	Gender	CWD source	Route	Total dose (LD50)	Age at euthanization (yr)	Observed period (yr postinfection)	Wt change (%)c	Reason for euthanasia
116	M	WTD	i.c.	2.0 × 106	14.2	7.3	−34	Diabeticd
144	F	WTD	i.c.	2.0 × 106	18.0	6.6	−38	Wasting
128	M	Elk	i.c.	3.2 × 105	17.1	13.4	12	Elective
616	F	Elk	i.c.	3.2 × 105	15.9	7.9	12	Seizurese
609	F	MD	i.c.	2.5 × 106	11.9	4.0	NA	Aggressionf
135	M	MD	i.c.	2.5 × 106	16.2	13.3	50	Elective
119	M	WTD	Oral	1.6 × 109	19.6	13.3	19	Elective
125	M	WTD	Oral	1.6 × 109		8.8	−15	Diabeticd
130	M	Elk	Oral	2.5 × 108	17.6	12.4	47	Hemorrhoids
629	F	Elk	Oral	2.5 × 108	18.5	13.1	10	Abdominal pain
121	M	Elk	Oral	2.5 × 108	17.4	10.9	−30	Diabeticd
270	F	MD	Oral	2.0 × 109		8.8	−33	Diabeticd
122	M	MD	Oral	2.0 × 109	14.7	8.1	21	Tremorg
614	F	MD	Oral	2.0 × 109	19.7	11.8	39	Anorexiah
633	F	NEB	i.c.	NA	10.9	8.1		Elective
585	F	None	NA	NA	9			Anemia
228	F	None	NA	NA	8.2			Foot injury
949	F	None	NA	NA	7.9			Socialization issues
82-51	F	None	NA	NA	17			Anorexia
161	F	None	NA	NA	5.4			Chronic diarrhea
151	M	None	NA	NA	10			NIA tissue bank
146	F	None	NA	NA	10			NIA tissue bank
27	F	None	NA	NA	23.7			NIA tissue bank

^aResults for monkeys in boldface type were not reported in previous studies.

^bAbbreviations: M, male; F, female; i.c., intracerebral; WTD, white-tailed deer; MD, mule deer; NEB, normal elk brain; NA, not applicable; NIA, National Institute on Aging; LD₅₀, 50% lethal dose.

^cWeight change was calculated as the percent weight change from the weight at the initiation of the experiment to the final weight taken following euthanasia. Many CM gained weight during the study, possibly contributing to the high incidence of diabetes.

^dThe diabetic monkeys showed a variety of clinical signs, including lethargy, weakness, and intermittent anorexia.

^eCM616 experienced 2 seizures over a 3-day period and was euthanized. Tumors were discovered at the base of the brain and in the uterus.

^fCM609 became aggressive toward staff and was euthanized at 4 years postinfection. No previous behavioral issues had been observed.

^gCM122 developed muscle tremors and intermittent anorexia at around 8 years postinfection. Clinical hypocalcemia (4 mg/dl) was diagnosed and treated successfully with oral calcium supplementation for 4 months.

^hCM614 was euthanized due to depression and intermittent anorexia, likely due to a concurrent change in animal care personnel.