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. 2018 Jun 25;9:1481. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01481

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Copyright © 2018 Adekambi, Ibegbu, Cagle, Ray and Rengarajan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Caspase-3 expression on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific IFN-γ⁺CD4⁺ T cells differentiates between active tuberculosis (ATB) and latent Mtb infection (LTBI). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from individuals with LTBI and ATB were stimulated with Mtb cell wall antigens and ESAT6-CFP10 peptide pools or non-stimulated (NS) (A) Representative flow plots for one active tuberculosis (ATB) and one LTBI individual and (B) cumulative data for ATB (n = 22) and LTBI (n = 23) groups. The frequencies of caspase-3⁺IFN-γ⁺ T cells were compared between LTBI and ATB groups. Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the two groups. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Bars represent means.