Figure 2.

Droplet emulsion-based method used to fabricate liposomes. (a) Schematic of a microfluidic double emulsion process; (b) an octanol-assisted liposome assembly (OLA) in a microfluidic device; (c) liposomes with various structures prepared by microfluidic double emulsions; (i,ii) multicompartment liposomes with uniform (i) or distinct components (ii) (reprinted with permission from [43] Copyright (2016) American Chemical Society); (iii) vesosomes with different number of liposomes in their core (reprinted with permission from [44] Copyright (2017) American Chemical Society); (d) thermal dynamics of the membrane-less organelle-like compartment in liposomes (reprinted with permission from [45]); and (e) schematic process for incorporating biomolecules into droplet-stabilized giant unilamellar vesicles (dsGUVs) through pico-injection droplet microfluidic technology, scale bar: 50 μm (reprinted with permission from [46]).