Improved survival with RHZ drug treatment plus immunotherapy. (A) Representative H and E and (B) AFB histological images from mice that received no treatment, or RHZ or RHZ+ID93/GLA-SE treatment 23 weeks post Mtb challenge. AFB denoted by arrows. (C) The cumulative score of lung pathology over time. Histological analyses are representative of two independent experiments. All data were evaluated using two-way ANOVA and Sidak’s correction for multiple comparison. The asterisk denotes significance where p < 0.05. (D) Bacterial burden in the lungs 23 weeks post infection from untreated (dark grey, circles), RHZ (blue, squares) or RHZ+ID93/GLA-SE (red, triangles) treated mice. Comparisons between groups performed using one-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparison test. p < 0.05 denoted by an asterisk. (E) The percent survival over time of cohorts of 10 mice/group that received no treatment (dark grey), RHZ (blue), or RHZ+ID93/GLA-SE (red) treatment. Groups were compared using Log-rank (Mantel Cox) test, and asterisks represent a significant difference between groups: blue = no treatment v RHZ, red = no treatment v RHZ+ID93/GLA-SE and green = RHZ v RHZ+ID93/GLA-SE. ** p < 0.01 and **** p < 0.0001.