Nanowire sample properties. Fab method = fabrication method, Cut-out = cut-out using PMMA resist and EBL, HSQ = fabrication by EBL using hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) resist, Ne-FIB = nanowires defined by neon FIB, sc = standard superconducting behaviour, PSCs = phase-slip centres, IQPS = successful fit of to a model based on incoherent quantum phase-slips (see the main text). is the sheet resistance above . Indicated values are defined as , where is the maximum resistance and . ‘Circuit elements’ indicate thin-film components included in series in the circuit; nanowires NbN80/1 and NbN81/2 have series resistance of 148 kΩ and series inductance with a length of 400 μm and a width of 200 nm. Nanowires 100414 and the films for which is shown in Figure 1 were deposited on silicon substrates and were not measured below 4.2 K; all other samples were deposited on sapphire substrates.