Table 3.
Multivariate Logistic Regression Results of Relationship between Patient Characteristics and Readmission Risk: Comparing Patients Living in “Most Disadvantaged” Neighborhoods and Patients Living in “Less Disadvantaged” Neighborhoods
| Characteristics | OR | 95% CI | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neighborhood | ||||
| Less disadvantaged (bottom 50%): reference | ||||
| Disadvantaged (45% in between) | 1.39 | 1.21 | 1.60 | ***.000 |
| Most disadvantaged (top 5%) | 1.70 | 1.28 | 2.25 | ***.000 |
| Age (in years) | 1.27 | 1.10 | 1.47 | **.001 |
| Sex: male | 1.39 | 1.22 | 1.58 | ***.000 |
| Marital Status: married | 0.80 | 0.70 | 0.91 | **.001 |
| Race: Black | 0.94 | 0.81 | 1.09 | .408 |
| Primary Diagnosis at Time of Discharge | ||||
| Congestive heart failure | 1.42 | 1.12 | 1.79 | **.004 |
| Septicemia | 1.17 | 0.86 | 1.58 | .330 |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 1.43 | 1.04 | 1.96 | *.027 |
| Acute cerebrovascular disease | 0.63 | 0.43 | 0.92 | *.017 |
| Complication of device | 1.07 | 0.77 | 1.50 | .680 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchiectasis | 1.15 | 0.81 | 1.62 | .434 |
| Urinary tract infections | 1.15 | 0.82 | 1.61 | .415 |
| Cardiac dysrhythmias | 0.88 | 0.60 | 1.31 | .535 |
| Pneumonia | 1.19 | 0.83 | 1.70 | .354 |
| Fluid and electrolyte disorders | 1.02 | 0.71 | 1.48 | .904 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.11 | 0.97 | 1.26 | .133 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1.22 | 0.99 | 1.52 | .065 |
| Coronary atherosclerosis/angina, cerebrovascular disease | 0.96 | 0.84 | 1.09 | .507 |
| Specified arrhythmias | 1.13 | 0.98 | 1.31 | .100 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1.15 | 0.97 | 1.37 | .101 |
| Acute renal failure | 1.51 | 1.24 | 1.83 | ***.000 |
| Cancers | 1.53 | 1.27 | 1.84 | ***.000 |
| Drug/alcohol disorders and psychiatric conditions | 1.12 | 0.93 | 1.35 | .234 |
| Other | 1.56 | 1.36 | 1.79 | ***.000 |
Notes:
The ADI cut points (50% or median, 45% in between, and top 5%) used to classify the neighborhoods were based on the HFH ADI distribution, rather than the national distribution which was referred to for the purpose of comparison only.
The “most disadvantaged” neighborhoods were defined as the top 5% highest HFH ADI neighborhoods.
Other comorbid risk factors include: severe infection, other infectious disease & pneumonias, protein-calorie malnutrition, end-stage liver disease, other hematological disorders, hemiplegia, paraplegia, paralysis, functional disability, seizure disorders and convulsions, fibrosis of lung or other chronic lung disorders, dialysis status, ulcers, septicemia/shock, disorders of fluid, electrolyte, acid-base, iron deficiency, cardiorespiratory failure or cardiorespiratory shock, pancreatic disease, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory connective tissue, respirator dependence/tracheostomy status, transplants, coagulation defects/other specified hematological disorders, hip fracture/dislocation.
OR is odds ratio; CI is confidence interval.
p<.001
p<.01
p<.05