Table 1.
Bivariate racial differences on variables of interest
| Measures | African American n = 74 |
White n = 74 |
t (χ2) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) (Range: 65–90) |
72.12 (5.29) | 73.32 (6.23) | −1.27 | .2075 |
| Female gender, n (%) | 51 (68.92) | 30 (40.54) | (12.03) | .0005 |
| Married, n (%) | 28 (37.84) | 45 (60.81) | (7.81) | .0052 |
| Education, mean (SD) | 13.26 (2.79) | 14.50 (2.51) | −2.85 | .0051 |
| Income, mean (SD) | 4.35 (1.77) | 6.00 (1.92) | −5.44 | <.0001 |
| Cognition, mean (SD) | 23.95 (4.85) | 26.64 (4.29) | −3.57 | .0005 |
| Amount of support, mean (SD) | 3.42 (1.66) | 3.82 (1.56) | −1.53 | .1289 |
| Satisfaction with support, mean (SD) | 4.49 (0.90) | 4.53 (1.00) | −0.26 | .7949 |
| Perceived discrimination - settings, mean (SD) | 2.31 (2.00) | 0.27 (0.67) | 8.33 | <.0001 |
| Perceived discrimination - frequency, mean (SD) | 7.77 (8.08) | 0.89 (2.57) | 6.99 | <.0001 |
| Perceived discrimination - stressfulness, mean (SD) | 5.73 (6.21) | 0.46 (1.46) | 7.10 | <.0001 |
| Physician trust, mean (SD) | 43.32 (6.86) | 46.23 (4.99) | −2.95 | .0037 |
| Diabetes distress, mean (SD) | 33.11 (17.67) | 24.55 (9.03) | 3.71 | .0003 |
Note: For income: 1 = less than $5,000; 2 = $5000 - $11,999; 3 = $12,000 - $15,999; 4 = $16,000 - $24,999; 5 = $25,000 - $34,999; 6 = $35,000 - $49,999; 7 = $50,000 - $74,999; 8 = $75,000 - $99,999; and 9 = $100,000 or greater.