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Palmitate, but not palmitoleate, impairs insulin action and activates inflammatory signals. L6 myotubes were exposed to 0.5 mM PA, PO, or the BSA vehicle for 18 h and then stimulated with 100 nM insulin for 20 min. A: Surface GLUT4 was measured as described in the Methods (n = 4; *P < 0.05 vs. BSA control). B, C: Ccl2 and Il6 expression was measured by qPCR (n = 3; *P < 0.05 vs. BSA control).
