Table 3. Urinary Concentrations of BPA, BPF, and BPS in U.S. Children in NHANES 2013–2014a.
|
BPA, μg/L |
BPF, μg/L |
BPS, μg/L |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
variable | N | median (P25–P75) | P | median (P25–P75) | P | median (P25–P75) | P | |
all | 868 | 1.25 (0.64–2.42) | 0.32 (0.14–0.99) | 0.29 (0.12–0.70) | ||||
age | 6–11 years | 409 | 1.34 (0.70–2.72) | 0.051 | 0.27 (0.14–0.85) | 0.009 | 0.27 (0.12–0.64) | 0.18 |
12–19 years | 459 | 1.14 (0.60–2.30) | 0.37 (0.14–1.10) | 0.30 (0.13–0.77) | ||||
gender | male | 429 | 1.22 (0.66–2.38) | 0.97 | 0.30 (0.14–1.03) | 0.83 | 0.28 (0.12–0.63) | 0.21 |
female | 439 | 1.27 (0.64–2.49) | 0.33 (0.14–0.97) | 0.30 (0.13–0.78) | ||||
race/ethnicityb | non-Hispanic white | 229 | 1.23 (0.61–2.14) | 0.18 | 0.40 (0.14–1.23) | 0.007 | 0.24 (0.11–0.60) | 0.02 |
Hispanic | 286 | 1.13 (0.63–2.33) | 0.24 (0.14–0.64) | 0.39 (0.15–0.99) | ||||
non-Hispanic black | 223 | 1.84 (0.98–3.22) | 0.36 (0.14–0.95) | 0.36 (0.17–0.75) | ||||
other | 130 | 1.09 (0.61–2.32) | 0.17 (0.14–0.93) | 0.29 (0.13–0.71) | ||||
family IPRc | ≤1.30 | 406 | 1.32 (0.76–2.55) | 0.76 | 0.25 (0.14–0.79) | 0.03 | 0.30 (0.11–0.70) | 0.45 |
1.31–3.50 | 236 | 1.36 (0.69–2.53) | 0.34 (0.14–1.22) | 0.27 (0.13–0.74) | ||||
>3.50 | 154 | 1.09 (0.58–2.16) | 0.39 (0.14–1.10) | 0.27 (0.12–0.58) | ||||
missing | 72 | 1.00 (0.47–1.55) | 0.25 (0.14–0.74) | 0.45 (0.19–1.05) |
All variables were adjusted using population weights for the sample in which BPA concentration was measured except N (unweighted sample size). ANOVA was used to compare differences of urinary concentrations of BPA, BPF, and BPS among various categorical variables. The analysis of creatinine-adjusted concentrations of BPA, BPS, and BPF is presented in Table S4, Supporting Information.
Race/ethnicity was categorized based on self-reported data into Hispanic (including Mexican and non-Mexican Hispanic), non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and other race/ethnicity.37