Test of incompatibility of [URE3] and NEDDylation gene mutants rub1, uba3, ula1, and ubc12. Cytoductants of [URE3] (or the [ure-o] control) into knockouts of rub1, uba3, ula1, and ubc12 from Figure 2 were tested for growth on media with either dextrose or galactose/raffinose as a carbon source (2% each). Plates were minimal medium supplemented with Ura, Leu, Trp, and Ade, and incubation was at 30° for 2 days for dextrose plates and 3 days for galactose plates. WT, wild-type.