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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 May 7.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Top Dev Biol. 2018 May 7;130:443–488. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2018.03.005

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Patterns of ZP gene duplication and loss are highly variable among the major vertebrate lineages; the fish clade comprises teleost fish. Black circle: gene present in genome; dashed circle: gene not present in genome; teal circle: gene duplicated in genome; red circle: gene pseudogenized in genome (Goudet et al., 2008; Meslin et al., 2012). Adapted from Goudet, G., Mugnier, S., Callebaut, I., & Monget, P. (2008). Phylogenetic analysis and identification of pseudogenes reveal a progressive loss of zona pellucida genes during evolution of vertebrates. Biology of Reproduction, 78(5), 796–806. biolreprod.107.064568 [pii]; Shu, L., Suter, M. J., & Räsänen, K. (2015). Evolution of egg coats: Linking molecular biology and ecology. Molecular Ecology, 24(16), 4052–4073. 10.1111/mec.13283; Spargo, S. C., & Hope, R. M. (2003). Evolution and nomenclature of the zona pellucida gene family. Biology of Reproduction, 68(2), 358–362; Wong, J. L., & Wessel, G. M. (2006). Defending the zygote: Search for the ancestral animal block to polyspermy. Current Topics in Developmental Biology, 72, 1–151. S0070-2153(05)72001-9 [pii].